Frequently Asked Questions

Your Questions, Answered

Straight answers to the questions we hear most. Each response summarizes Quebec law as it stands—but every case turns on its facts. If your situation is complex, book a consultation.

Asset & Property Division

Can a spouse claim credit for paying mortgage interest post-separation while living in the family home?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 418.1, 421; C.p.c. art. 510–511

Can an ex-spouse obtain partition of a pension administered under federal law (e.g., RCMP, Armed Forces)?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 422; Pension Benefits Division Act (S.C. 1992, c. 46); Divorce Act, s. 15.2

Can I keep my inheritance in a divorce?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 450–453; Divorce Act, s. 15.2

Can partition be refused based on “equity” under article 422 C.c.Q.?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 422

How are assets divided after divorce in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 414–423; Divorce Act, s. 15.2

How are increases in asset value calculated when one spouse owned property before marriage?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 421–422

How are pensions and RRSPs treated during the partition process?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 422; Regulation respecting the partition and transfer of benefits accrued under the pension plans governed by the Supplemental Pension Plans Act (RLRQ, c. R-15.1, r. 2)

How do interim measures or protective orders affect partition proceedings?

art. 418–419, 510–511 C.p.c.; art. 415–418 C.c.Q.

How does partition work when spouses are both shareholders in a corporation?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 421–422; Business Corporations Act (RLRQ, c. S-31.1), s. 35

How is the partition affected when one spouse resides outside Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 3083–3084, 415–418, 423

How to contest a property valuation during the division of assets?

C.c.Q. art. 417–418, 424; C.p.c. art. 280–282

Peut-on renoncer au partage du patrimoine familial au Québec?

C.c.Q. art. 423, 431, 432, 465

Que se passe-t-il si l’un des conjoints a contribué davantage financièrement à l’achat des biens familiaux?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 423, 427

Quel est le délai pour demander le partage du patrimoine familial après une séparation?

C.c.Q. art. 427, 465

What are the deadlines to bring an action for partition or recourse after divorce or annulment?

C.c.Q., art. 427, 465

What happens to debts after a divorce?

Civil Code of Québec, arts. 397, 398, 415–418, 449, 459, 465, 476 Droit de la famille – 14146 (C.A., 2014) Collection de droit – Famille, Ch. 08 (“Société d’acquêts”), Ch. 07 (“Patrimoine familial”) Loi sur le divorce, s. 15.2 (spousal support impact on debts)

What happens when one spouse used patrimonial assets to pay personal debts?

C.c.Q. art. 418, 419, 462

What is a compensatory allowance and who qualifies?

[C.c.Q. arts. 427–430 ; Droit de la famille – 161944 (C.A., 2016) ; Droit de la famille – 20173 (C.A., 2020)]

What is considered family patrimony in Quebec?

Civil Code of Québec, arts. 414–426 Act to promote economic equality between spouses, L.Q. 1989, c. 55 Collection de droit – Famille, Ch. 07 (Patrimoine familial) Droit de la famille – 14146 (C.A., 2014)

What is the impact of bankruptcy on the partition of family patrimony rights?

C.c.Q. art. 416–418, 423; Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (R.S.C., 1985, c. B-3), ss. 67–71

What procedural remedies exist when one spouse conceals or dissipates assets?

C.c.Q. art. 418, 419, 462; C.p.c. art. 20, 49, 510–511

When does the right to partition the family patrimony arise between ex-spouses?

C.c.Q. art. 416, 417, 423

Child & Spousal Support

Is spousal support taxable?

Can child support be changed after a divorce?

Divorce Act, s. 17 Civil Code of Québec, arts. 594–596.1 Act to promote access to justice through the establishment of the SARPA, CQLR c. A-13.1 Droit de la famille – 20173 (QCCA, 2020)

Is Child Support Taxable?

Deductibility of Legal Fees Incurred to Claim or Collect Support

How is child support calculated in Quebec?

Civil Code of Québec, arts. 587–590 Regulation respecting the determination of child support payments, ss. 1–9, annex I (basic contribution table) Federal Child Support Guidelines, s. 3(3)(b) Cases: Droit de la famille – 3165 (C.A., 1998), G.G. (G.N.) v. A. (E.) (QCCS, 2006), Droit de la famille – 211028 (QCCA, 2021)

How is spousal support calculated in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 585–587; Loi sur le divorce art. 15.2, 17; Lignes directrices facultatives sur les pensions alimentaires pour époux (Justice Canada, 2020); Droit de la famille – 152152 (C.A., 2015)

How long does child support last in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 585–587; Divorce Act, s. 15.1; Federal Child Support Guidelines, s. 2(1) (“child of the marriage”)

How should I negotiate alimony with my spouse?

My kid is in college and has a job, can I stop payin child support?

C.c.Q. art. 585–587; Divorce Act, s. 15.1; Federal Child Support Guidelines, s. 2(1) (“child of the marriage”)

Support Payments - When are they Taxable or Deductible?

What is alimony (spousal support)?

What is child support?

What expenses are covered by child support?

Civil Code of Québec, arts. 587.1–587.2 Federal Child Support Guidelines, s. 7(1)(a)–(f) Regulation respecting the determination of child support payments, ss. 1–5 Cases: Droit de la famille – 3613, L. (M.) v. M. (D.) (Qc Sup. Ct.), Droit de la famille – 143104

When does spousal support end in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 585–587; Divorce Act, s. 15.3

Common-Law Spouses

Can I claim compensation or recourse for unjust enrichment if I am not married?

C.c.Q. art. 1493–1496; C.c.Q. art. 585; Kerr v. Baranow, 2011 SCC 10

How to prove unjust enrichment before Quebec courts?

C.c.Q. art. 1493–1496; Kerr v. Baranow, 2011 SCC 10

What options exist for de facto spouses who separate without being protected by family patrimony?

C.c.Q. art. 1493–1496; C.c.Q. art. 585; Kerr v. Baranow, 2011 SCC 10

Divorce & Separation

What are grounds for divorce in Quebec?

Estates & Successions Disputes

Can the right to partition be exercised by succession after a spouse’s death?

C.c.Q. art. 416, 423, 465

Family Law

Can a child choose which parent to live with in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 33–34; Divorce Act s. 16(3); Droit de la famille – 152152 (C.A., 2015); Droit de la famille – 221534 (C.S., 2022)

Can a spouse claim credit for paying mortgage interest post-separation while living in the family home?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 418.1, 421; C.p.c. art. 510–511

Can an ex-spouse obtain partition of a pension administered under federal law (e.g., RCMP, Armed Forces)?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 422; Pension Benefits Division Act (S.C. 1992, c. 46); Divorce Act, s. 15.2

Can child support be changed after a divorce?

Divorce Act, s. 17 Civil Code of Québec, arts. 594–596.1 Act to promote access to justice through the establishment of the SARPA, CQLR c. A-13.1 Droit de la famille – 20173 (QCCA, 2020)

Can I claim compensation or recourse for unjust enrichment if I am not married?

C.c.Q. art. 1493–1496; C.c.Q. art. 585; Kerr v. Baranow, 2011 SCC 10

Can I keep my inheritance in a divorce?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 450–453; Divorce Act, s. 15.2

Can I move with my child after divorce in Québec?

Divorce Act, ss. 16.8–16.9; C.c.Q. art. 33, 604

Can I refuse that my child have a vaccine?

C.c.Q. art. 33, 604, 603; Public Health Act, s. 123

Can partition be refused based on “equity” under article 422 C.c.Q.?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 422

Can Quebec courts enforce foreign custody orders?

Civil Code of Québec, arts. 3155–3158 (recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments) Act respecting the civil aspects of international and interprovincial child abduction (CQLR, c. A-23.01) Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction (Hague Convention, 1980) W. (V.) v. S. (D.), [1996] 2 S.C.R. 108, 1996 CanLII 178 (SCC) Droit de la famille – 2067 (QCCA, 1994), Droit de la famille – 072471 (QCCS, 2011)

Can Quebec enforce US custody orders?

C.c.Q. art. 3155–3168; Act respecting the civil aspects of international and interprovincial child abduction, ss. 2–4

Do grandparents have custody rights in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 33 and 611

How are assets divided after divorce in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 414–423; Divorce Act, s. 15.2

How are increases in asset value calculated when one spouse owned property before marriage?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 421–422

How are pensions and RRSPs treated during the partition process?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 422; Regulation respecting the partition and transfer of benefits accrued under the pension plans governed by the Supplemental Pension Plans Act (RLRQ, c. R-15.1, r. 2)

How do abuse allegations affect custody in Quebec?

Civil Code of Québec, art. 33, 606 Divorce Act, s. 16(2)–(4), (6) Collection de droit – Famille, Ch. 04 (Droit de l’enfant) Droit de la famille – 21402 (QCCS, 2021), Droit de la famille – 181632 (QCCA, 2018)

How do I appeal a family court decision in Quebec?

Verification: [C.p.c. art. 30, 352–360 ; Droit de la famille – 181335 (C.A., 2018)]

How do I get an emergency custody order in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 33, 604; C.p.c. art. 49, 510–511; Divorce Act, s. 16

How do interim measures or protective orders affect partition proceedings?

art. 418–419, 510–511 C.p.c.; art. 415–418 C.c.Q.

How does partition work when spouses are both shareholders in a corporation?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 421–422; Business Corporations Act (RLRQ, c. S-31.1), s. 35

How is child support calculated in Quebec?

Civil Code of Québec, arts. 587–590 Regulation respecting the determination of child support payments, ss. 1–9, annex I (basic contribution table) Federal Child Support Guidelines, s. 3(3)(b) Cases: Droit de la famille – 3165 (C.A., 1998), G.G. (G.N.) v. A. (E.) (QCCS, 2006), Droit de la famille – 211028 (QCCA, 2021)

How is spousal support calculated in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 585–587; Loi sur le divorce art. 15.2, 17; Lignes directrices facultatives sur les pensions alimentaires pour époux (Justice Canada, 2020); Droit de la famille – 152152 (C.A., 2015)

How is the partition affected when one spouse resides outside Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 3083–3084, 415–418, 423

How long does child support last in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 585–587; Divorce Act, s. 15.1; Federal Child Support Guidelines, s. 2(1) (“child of the marriage”)

How to contest a property valuation during the division of assets?

C.c.Q. art. 417–418, 424; C.p.c. art. 280–282

How to enforce a custody order in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 604, 612; C.p.c. art. 511–512; Act respecting the civil aspects of international and interprovincial child abduction, s. 2

How to get supervised visitation in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 33, 604, 611

How to prove parental alienation in Quebec court?

Civil Code of Québec, art. 33 (best interests of the child) Divorce Act, s. 16(3)(c), (i) (parental behavior and cooperation) Droit de la famille – 12729 (QCCS, 2012) Droit de la famille – 181632 (QCCA, 2018) Droit de la famille – 1717 (QCCS, 1993) Francine Cyr, “Parental Alienation: How to Define, Detect, and Intervene” (Développements récents en droit familial, 2010)

How to prove unjust enrichment before Quebec courts?

C.c.Q. art. 1493–1496; Kerr v. Baranow, 2011 SCC 10

My kid is in college and has a job, can I stop payin child support?

C.c.Q. art. 585–587; Divorce Act, s. 15.1; Federal Child Support Guidelines, s. 2(1) (“child of the marriage”)

Peut-on renoncer au partage du patrimoine familial au Québec?

C.c.Q. art. 423, 431, 432, 465

Que se passe-t-il si l’un des conjoints a contribué davantage financièrement à l’achat des biens familiaux?

C.c.Q. art. 415–418, 423, 427

Quel est le délai pour demander le partage du patrimoine familial après une séparation?

C.c.Q. art. 427, 465

What are the deadlines to bring an action for partition or recourse after divorce or annulment?

C.c.Q., art. 427, 465

What does best interest of the child mean in Quebec law?

C.c.Q. art. 33; Divorce Act ss. 16(1)–(3); Droit de la famille – 20240 (C.A., 2020)

What expenses are covered by child support?

Civil Code of Québec, arts. 587.1–587.2 Federal Child Support Guidelines, s. 7(1)(a)–(f) Regulation respecting the determination of child support payments, ss. 1–5 Cases: Droit de la famille – 3613, L. (M.) v. M. (D.) (Qc Sup. Ct.), Droit de la famille – 143104

What happens to debts after a divorce?

Civil Code of Québec, arts. 397, 398, 415–418, 449, 459, 465, 476 Droit de la famille – 14146 (C.A., 2014) Collection de droit – Famille, Ch. 08 (“Société d’acquêts”), Ch. 07 (“Patrimoine familial”) Loi sur le divorce, s. 15.2 (spousal support impact on debts)

What happens when one spouse used patrimonial assets to pay personal debts?

C.c.Q. art. 418, 419, 462

What is a compensatory allowance and who qualifies?

[C.c.Q. arts. 427–430 ; Droit de la famille – 161944 (C.A., 2016) ; Droit de la famille – 20173 (C.A., 2020)]

What is a provisional order in family law?

C.p.c. art. 49, 510–511; C.c.Q. art. 33, 604; Divorce Act, s. 16

What is a safeguard order and how do I request one?

C.p.c. art. 49, 510–511; C.c.Q. art. 33, 604

What is considered family patrimony in Quebec?

Civil Code of Québec, arts. 414–426 Act to promote economic equality between spouses, L.Q. 1989, c. 55 Collection de droit – Famille, Ch. 07 (Patrimoine familial) Droit de la famille – 14146 (C.A., 2014)

What is the difference between shared and sole custody in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 33, 604; Divorce Act, ss. 16–16.2; Federal Child Support Guidelines, s. 9

What is the impact of bankruptcy on the partition of family patrimony rights?

C.c.Q. art. 416–418, 423; Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act (R.S.C., 1985, c. B-3), ss. 67–71

What options exist for de facto spouses who separate without being protected by family patrimony?

C.c.Q. art. 1493–1496; C.c.Q. art. 585; Kerr v. Baranow, 2011 SCC 10

What procedural remedies exist when one spouse conceals or dissipates assets?

C.c.Q. art. 418, 419, 462; C.p.c. art. 20, 49, 510–511

When does spousal support end in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 585–587; Divorce Act, s. 15.3

When does the right to partition the family patrimony arise between ex-spouses?

C.c.Q. art. 416, 417, 423

International Child Custody & Hague Convention

Can Quebec courts enforce foreign custody orders?

Civil Code of Québec, arts. 3155–3158 (recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments) Act respecting the civil aspects of international and interprovincial child abduction (CQLR, c. A-23.01) Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction (Hague Convention, 1980) W. (V.) v. S. (D.), [1996] 2 S.C.R. 108, 1996 CanLII 178 (SCC) Droit de la famille – 2067 (QCCA, 1994), Droit de la famille – 072471 (QCCS, 2011)

Can Quebec enforce US custody orders?

C.c.Q. art. 3155–3168; Act respecting the civil aspects of international and interprovincial child abduction, ss. 2–4

How is the partition affected when one spouse resides outside Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 3083–3084, 415–418, 423

Parenting, Custody & Access

Can a child choose which parent to live with in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 33–34; Divorce Act s. 16(3); Droit de la famille – 152152 (C.A., 2015); Droit de la famille – 221534 (C.S., 2022)

Can I move with my child after divorce in Québec?

Divorce Act, ss. 16.8–16.9; C.c.Q. art. 33, 604

Can I refuse that my child have a vaccine?

C.c.Q. art. 33, 604, 603; Public Health Act, s. 123

Do grandparents have custody rights in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 33 and 611

How do abuse allegations affect custody in Quebec?

Civil Code of Québec, art. 33, 606 Divorce Act, s. 16(2)–(4), (6) Collection de droit – Famille, Ch. 04 (Droit de l’enfant) Droit de la famille – 21402 (QCCS, 2021), Droit de la famille – 181632 (QCCA, 2018)

How do I get an emergency custody order in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 33, 604; C.p.c. art. 49, 510–511; Divorce Act, s. 16

How to enforce a custody order in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 604, 612; C.p.c. art. 511–512; Act respecting the civil aspects of international and interprovincial child abduction, s. 2

How to get supervised visitation in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 33, 604, 611

How to prove parental alienation in Quebec court?

Civil Code of Québec, art. 33 (best interests of the child) Divorce Act, s. 16(3)(c), (i) (parental behavior and cooperation) Droit de la famille – 12729 (QCCS, 2012) Droit de la famille – 181632 (QCCA, 2018) Droit de la famille – 1717 (QCCS, 1993) Francine Cyr, “Parental Alienation: How to Define, Detect, and Intervene” (Développements récents en droit familial, 2010)

What does best interest of the child mean in Quebec law?

C.c.Q. art. 33; Divorce Act ss. 16(1)–(3); Droit de la famille – 20240 (C.A., 2020)

What is the difference between shared and sole custody in Quebec?

C.c.Q. art. 33, 604; Divorce Act, ss. 16–16.2; Federal Child Support Guidelines, s. 9

Post-Judgment Motions

How do I appeal a family court decision in Quebec?

Verification: [C.p.c. art. 30, 352–360 ; Droit de la famille – 181335 (C.A., 2018)]

Youth Protection

Can DPJ take my child without a court order?

Youth Protection Act, ss. 46–48, 76; C.c.Q. art. 33

Can grandparents get custody through youth protection?

Youth Protection Act, ss. 52–54, 91; C.c.Q. art. 33

What happens if my ex-partner moves to Ontario with my child without my consent?

C.c.Q. art. 33, 604; Divorce Act, ss. 16.8–16.9; Act respecting the civil aspects of international and interprovincial child abduction, s. 2

How do I appeal a decision made by the DPJ?

Youth Protection Act, ss. 94–95, 100–101; C.c.Q. art. 33

How long does DPJ process last?

Youth Protection Act, ss. 45, 76, 90–92; C.c.Q. art. 33

Is it a social worker or a psychologist who evaluates me during a DPJ investigation?

Youth Protection Act, ss. 32, 45, 87; C.c.Q. art. 33

What factors determine whether or not the DYP will intervene once a report is received?

Youth Protection Act, ss. 32–33, 38–39, 46; C.c.Q. art. 33

What happens at a youth protection hearing?

Youth Protection Act, ss. 75–91; C.c.Q. art. 33

What triggers DPJ involvement?

Youth Protection Act, ss. 38–38.2, 39, 46; C.c.Q. art. 33

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